Gcwalisa ifomu elingezansi bese sizokuthumelela i-imeyili inguqulo ye-PDF ye-Riverside Soils Are a Loading Lokungcoliswa Kwe-Nitrate.
Abacwaningi baseNagoya University eJapan babika ukuthi ama-nitrate aqongelela enhlabathini eduze kwemifula adlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni amazinga e-nitrate emanzini omfula ngesikhathi semvula. Okutholakele kwabo, okushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Biogeoscience, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungcola kwe-nitrogen futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yamanzi ezindaweni zamanzi ezingezansi kwemifula njengamachibi namanzi asogwini.
Ama-nitrate ayizakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezitshalweni kanye nase-phytoplankton, kodwa amazinga aphezulu ama-nitrate emifuleni angonakalisa ikhwalithi yamanzi, aholele ekukhuleni kwamanzi ngokweqile (ukunothiswa kwamanzi ngokweqile ngezakhamzimba), futhi abe yingozi empilweni yezilwane kanye neyabantu. Nakuba amazinga e-nitrate emifuleni aziwa ukuthi ayanda uma lina, akucaci ukuthi kungani.
Kunemibono emibili eyinhloko mayelana nokuthi i-nitrate iyanda kanjani uma lina. Ngokusho kwemfundiso yokuqala, ama-nitrate asemoyeni ayancibilika emanzini emvula bese engena ngqo emifuleni. Imfundiso yesibili ukuthi uma lina, ama-nitrate enhlabathi endaweni eseduze nomfula, eyaziwa ngokuthi indawo egeleza amanzi, angena emanzini omfula.
Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuphenywa komthombo wama-nitrate, ithimba locwaningo eliholwa nguSolwazi Urumu Tsunogai we-Graduate School of Environmental Studies, ngokubambisana ne-Asian Center for Air Pollution Research, lenze ucwaningo lokuhlaziya izinguquko ekwakhekeni kwama-isotope e-nitrogen ne-oxygen kuma-nitrate nangesikhathi sezimvula ezinkulu. Ukwanda kwamazinga ama-nitrate emifuleni.
Izifundo zangaphambilini zibike ukwanda okukhulu kokugcwala kwe-nitrate ngesikhathi seziphepho emfuleni ongasemfuleni iKaji eNiigata Prefecture enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeJapane. Abacwaningi baqoqa amasampula amanzi avela endaweni yokukhongozela amanzi iKajigawa, okuhlanganisa nemifudlana engasemfuleni. Ngesikhathi seziphepho ezintathu, basebenzise ama-autosampler ukusampula imifudlana yamanzi njalo ngehora amahora angama-24.
Ithimba lilinganise ukuhlushwa kanye nokwakheka kwe-isotopic kwama-nitrate emanzini omfula, base beqhathanisa imiphumela nokuhlushwa kanye nokwakheka kwe-isotopic kwama-nitrate enhlabathini endaweni esogwini lomfula. Ngenxa yalokho, bathole ukuthi iningi lama-nitrate livela enhlabathini hhayi emanzini emvula.
“Siphethe ngokuthi ukugezwa kwama-nitrate enhlabathini yasogwini abe yimifudlana ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamazinga emifudlana kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba kwakuyimbangela eyinhloko yokwanda kwama-nitrate emifudlaneni ngesikhathi seziphepho,” kusho uDkt. Weitian Ding waseNagoya University, umbhali walolu cwaningo.
Ithimba locwaningo liphinde lahlaziya umphumela we-nitrate yomoya ekwandeni kokugeleza kwe-nitrate ngesikhathi seziphepho. Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate yomoya emanzini omfula akushintshanga, naphezu kokwanda kwemvula, okubonisa ithonya elincane lemithombo ye-nitrate yomoya.
Abacwaningi bathole nokuthi ama-nitrate enhlabathini yasogwini akhiqizwa ngamagciwane enhlabathi. “Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-nitrate avela kumagciwane aqoqana enhlabathini yasogwini ehlobo nasekwindla kuphela eJapane,” kuchaza uSolwazi Tsunogai. “Kusukela kulo mbono, singabikezela ukuthi ukwanda kwama-nitrate emfuleni ngenxa yemvula kuzokwenzeka kuphela phakathi nalezi zinkathi zonyaka.”
Inkomba: Dean W, Tsunogai W, Nakagawa F, nabanye. Ukulandelela umthombo wama-nitrate emifudlaneni yasehlathini kubonise amazinga aphezulu ngesikhathi seziphepho. I-Biogeoscience. 2022;19(13):3247-3261. doi: 10.5194/bg-19-3247-2022
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